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Showing posts from February, 2021

Dating questions in Vietnamese

I often run out of good topics to talk about when on a date. That's why I decided to create a list with questions to keep the conversation going. This list doesn't contain basic phrases like "How old are you?", "What's your hometown?" or "Do you like pizza?". Rather, I tried to concentrate on meaningful questions that can stimulate further discussion. Index by topic Miscellaneous Food Travel Sports Love & RS Questions Misc If you were an animal, what would you be? Nếu như mà em là con thú thì em sẽ là con gì? What past-time gives you joy? Sở thích gì hay làm cho em vui? How come we have never met before? Sao mình chưa gặp nhau trước đậy ta? What is something that you always wanted to try, but didn't get a chance to explore yet? Có gì em luôn mong làm thử, mà chưa kịp làm? What point do you like best about yourself? Em thích điểm nào nhất ở ba...

A list of meanings of the word "mà" in Vietnamese

 The word "mà" is one of the most frequently encountered words in Vietnamese. Below is a list of the different meanings. 1. Equivalent to English "which/that". It can usually be omitted Một câu chuyện mà rất quen thuộc với nhiều người. A story that is very familiary to many people. 2. Equivalent to "but", short for "nhưng mà" Mặc dù không thích mà vẫn phải làm. Even though you don't like it, but you still have to do it. 3. Similar to #2 to indicate something that contrasts with the previous clause. Often can be translated as "without" or "even though".  Sometimes it is challenging to translate directly into English due to the hidden implication Sống mà không có nước không đươc. One can't live without water. Có gì đâu mà giận. Get angry even though there is nothing (to get angry about). 4. Equivalent to "in order to", short for để mà Tôi đi làm mỗi ngày mà kiếm tiền. I go to work every day in order to...

Creaky voice, breathy voice and glottal stop

One of the most distinguishing features of the Northern accent is the sounds that speakers make when pronouncing dấu nặng and dấu ngã. These "charring" sounds are generated by constricting the vocal folds - the same organs in your throat that you use every day to talk. For example, when you say a vowel like "a" in a regular voice, your vocal folds vibrate. If you whisper that "a", on the other hand, the vocal folds don't exhibit this vibration (You can feel the difference if you put your hand on your throat while making these sounds). Finally, if you have those vocal folds vibrate at a really low frequency, that's when you get a creaky voice. All these various types of producing voice are known as phonation. Although I think in reality it's a bit more complicated, but in the simplest form, phonation can be thought of as a range from whispering to glottal stop. This range is usually divided into three sub-sections, called breathy, modal and crea...

Changes in final consonants in Southern Vietnamese

 In Northern Vietnamese, most ending consonants are pronounced the same as at the beginning of the word. One of the few exceptions is "-ch", which usually becomes a "c" sound. However, in Southern Vietnamese, many endings change compared to the spelling. Following is a list of these changes. 1. -t -> -c This change only applies to words where the syllable nucleus is not either an i or an ê. For example, nhất becomes nhấc, but con nít stays con nít. 2. -n -> -ng Same as above. Example: bạn -> bạng, but tên stays tên 3. -ch -> -t Applies to all words. Example: thích -> thít 4. -nh -> -n Applies to all words. Example: hình -> hìn One issue with the above is whether or not rules compound. For example, if mạnh changes to mạn according to rule number 4, shouldn't then rule number 2 be applied, so that the final result is mạng? But this is generally not the case according to my experience. But if the -t changes to -c and the preceding ...

Diphthongization in Southern Vietnamese

I have been studying Southern Vietnamese for over one year. What has been bugging me since the very beginning is that there is no definite resource on this dialect. There are quite a few blogs that teach what I guess is an "official" or "formal" version, but which leaves out many deviations from the Northern accent.  Thanks to Wikipedia and research papers, I have been able to finally figure out many of these differences (some, I still don't get). On the surface, SV is just NV with different tones and rolled r's instead of z's. But that's not true. There are more differences. But as a non-native speaker, I was unable to pin down what exactly those other differences were. Today, I want to introduce one of those features of SV that I'm sure everyone is familiar with - just maybe not on a conscious level. What I'm talking about is formally known as "diphthongization". Less formally, it can probably be called a drawl. With words ending ...

"chưa chắc" vs "có thể"/"có lẽ"

 I often find myself wanting to say "not sure [yet]". Up to now, I assumed the "chưa chắc" was a perfectly fine way to say this. However, it turns out that this expression is more equivalent to "far from certain". Example A : Đọi tụi mình sẽ thắng trận này! (Our team will win this match!) B : Chưa chắc. (That's far from certain.) On the other hand, "not sure" in a more neutral way would be better translated as "có thể" or "có lẽ". Example A : Đọi tụi mình sẽ thắng trận này! (Our team will win this match!) B : Có thể. (Maybe./It's possible.)